, Remands data in this section are based on the Crown Courts decision on whether a defendant prosecuted for a criminal offence, should during the court proceeding go on to be placed in custody or released on bail. Figure 5.08: Median number of days from offence to completion, by offence group and sex, 2019. Please send any comments to: datausers@justice.gov.uk. For both sexes, the 30 to 39 age range represented the highest number of those prosecuted in 2019. Male victims were comparatively younger, with equal proportions within the 16-24 and 25-34 age groups (both 22%). Data are also provided on a trend basis dating back to 2000 to 2001 and 2005 to 2006 onwards for more detailed data. Reported in the Judicial Diversity Statistics 2019 publication. This was much higher than the proportion of all year 11 pupils who had SEN with a statement (including both offenders and non-offenders) in 2013/14[footnote 106] and 2014/15 [footnote 107](2% for young females and 5% for young males). It is the Ministry of Justices responsibility to maintain compliance with the standards expected for National Statistics. These proportions have remained constant over the last 5 years. The most common sentence for summary benefit fraud offences was a community sentence, received by 45% of females and 58% of males convicted for this offence in 2019. For each age range from 21 and over, males consistently had a larger number of prosecutions (approximately three times more). , This section looks at persons only and excludes those where sex is not stated. Statistics show that women are awarded child custody in nearly 90 percent of all cases. The proportion of female children remanded in custody (17%) was lower than male children (48%). Youth custody report for April 2015 published. Further information on the methodology and cohort size can be found in the technical guide. In 2019, male children had an ACSL of 19.1 months and female children had an ACSL of 19.0 months. This section looks at offenders starting supervision as a result of a court order, including those starting supervision as a result of a community order or a suspended sentence order[footnote 68]. The proportion of PNDs issued to females was stable at 22% until 2018 when it fell to 19% and then to 18% in 2019. , Data are from the most recently published Homicide in England and Wales, 2018/19. , Standard PSR A standard delivery (adjourned) Pre-Sentence Report is based on a full risk assessment and is suitable for medium and high seriousness cases and/or where a custody is being considered. Finally, children from broken common-law unions (84 percent), as well as children from Quebec (87 percent), were most likely to remain in the custody of their mothers, and there is possibly a link between these two results. Females were typically dealt with for less severe offences at court. A higher proportion of female offenders were first time offenders, compared to males. This chapter explores the nature, extent and risks of victimisation, as reported in the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW): year ending March 2020[footnote 2][footnote 3][footnote 4][footnote 5], Homicide in England and Wales: year ending March 2019, and associated publications including Domestic abuse in England and Wales: year ending March 2019, and the Nature of Violent Crime in England and Wales: year ending March 2019. In 2019/20, 640,000 arrests were carried out by police in England and Wales, which has remained stable over the last 3 years following a previously downward trend. This may result in a single offender being included in the annual cohort more than once. In 2019, fines were the most common sentence given to both male and female offenders sentenced at all courts, but females typically had less severe sentencing outcomes. There is a glossary that explains the definition of each disposal in the technical guide, along with a summary of the data share. Self-harm per individual was over twice as high for females at 9.3 instances, compared to 4.4 for males. Give detailed and full explanations as to why the revisions were necessary. Well send you a link to a feedback form. Defendants with unknown or not stated sex accounted for 10% of all prosecutions in 2019. The publication also contains more detailed information on the make-up of the custody population by legal basis for detention, accommodation type, age group, gender, ethnicity and region of origin. The disposal where there was the greatest difference between genders was for fines. Female homicide victims were most often between 25-34 years old (17%). This was driven by a decrease in prevalence of indecent exposure and unwanted touching, and rape excluding attempts. , Persistent absence is when a pupil enrolments overall absence equates to 10 per cent or more of their possible sessions. It is important to note in the following analysis that there are many young people in the overall pupil population that have the characteristics described and do not go on to offend[footnote 93]. This differs between functions within HMPPS, with the Prison Service (including Youth Custody Service) representing a lower proportion of females than the HMPPS as a whole, rising from 37% to 39%. The strategy sets out the Government's commitment to a new programme of work for female offenders, which will take some years to deliver, driven by our vision to see: fewer women coming into the criminal justice system and reoffending fewer women in custody, especially on short-term sentences, and a greater The largest difference between genders in proportions of persistent absence was seen for those who were dealt with by a community penalty. The most common sentence for indictable benefit fraud offences was a community sentence, received by 51% of females and 53% of males sentenced in 2019. Of the cases where the sex of the individual being detained was recorded, 45% were female and 55% were male. As at 30 June 2019, the sentence length profile of males and females under a determinate sentence differs, with a higher proportion of females (15%) serving sentences of less than 12 months, compared to 6% of males[footnote 64] (influenced by custodial sentencing in Chapter 5: Defendants and offence mix in Chapter 7: Offence Analysis). For both young males and young females that received a sentence/caution in the matched offender cohort, over half (57% of males and 61% of females) received Free School Meals (FSM). Once in prison, females generally reported a better experience when: on arrival, on the first night, induction and life on the wing. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. , Bespoke analysis from the 2019-20 Her Majestys Inspectorate of Prisons (HMIP) annual report can be found in the chapter tables, published alongside this report. , Personal crimes are those against an individual that relate to the respondents own personal experience rather than others in the household. The total prison population as at 30 June 2019[footnote 60] was 82,700. Of those sentenced, a consistently higher proportion of female offenders were fined and had a lower average fine than male offenders over the last 5 years. Figure 7.10: Proportion of young offenders who finished Key Stage 4 in either 2013/14 or 2014/15 with Special Educational Needs without a statement, by gender and disposal category (Source: Table 7.3). , Defendants with unknown age and sex are excluded. See technical guide for more information. Over the last 5 years, a higher proportion of males were bailed or remanded in custody. In contrast, a higher proportion of male than female first time offenders were cautioned or convicted for drug offences over the last 5 years (13% and 5% respectively in 2019). Similarly, we refer to females / males and women / men in this report, as a reflection of the binary classification in use. In 2019/20, sexual assault towards females within the last year were over 4 times higher than towards males. , Where there are multiple suspects in a homicide case, they are categorised in the Homicide Index as either the principal or a secondary suspect. HMPPS (excluding NPS) have seen the largest increase in female representation of senior staff, increasing by 10 percentage points, to 45% in 2020. A 5-year time series have been presented wherever possible, of whichever length is most appropriate in context. In 2019, the highest level of concordance (excluding suspended sentence orders) for both males and females was in custodial sentences, at 89% for males and 79% for females[footnote 55]. This report is a compendium of information from a range of data sources from across the CJS on the representation of females (and males) among victims, suspects, defendants and offenders. , In 2019/20, the CPS moved from annual reporting, in the Violence Against Women and Girls annual report, to quarterly data. like child support and child custody, contested. The data described comes from various sources including the Home Office. Consequently, there is a lower proportion of effective trials for females (43%) compared to males (50%). In 2019/20, 3.9% of males were victim to personal. In the 2017/18 cohort, the reoffending rate was higher for males at 30%, compared to 23% for females. In 2019/20, 27.6% of females aged 16-74 reported being victims of domestic abuse once or more since age 16, double that of males (13.8%)[footnote 17]. It has not been possible to accurately replicate the existing methodology and produce robust estimates in time for this release following changes to the way that data are recorded. The overall child conviction ratio for indictable offences remained broadly stable since 2015, at 70%. Remands at magistrates court followed similar trends to police remands over the last 5 years, with lower proportions of female defendants bailed or remanded in custody. , Out of court disposals available to the police and CPS in 2019 included: simple and conditional cautions; cannabis and khat warnings; penalty notices for disorder (PNDs); and community resolutions. 4% of crime higher legal aid clients had an unstated sex. Just over a quarter (26%) of all prosecutions were for female defendants in 2019, which has remained stable over the last 5 years. In 2019, 86% of female offenders were sentenced to a fine with an average fine of 230, compared to 72% of male offenders with an average fine of 302. The judges and lay people analyzed two mock court cases, including a child. Females represented 5% of the prison population and this proportion has remained stable over the last five years. Conviction ratios were higher for summary offences and as a higher proportion of female offences were summary, this in part explains the higher conviction ratio for female offenders. Females had a higher cautioning rate for indictable offences (20%) and a lower rate for summary offences (4%) compared to males (14% and 9% respectively) in 2019. , Children can be sentenced to custody in three different establishment types: Young Offender Institutions are for males aged 15-17 only, no females. Youth custody data report for June 2014 published. Isn't It Gender Discrimination? Offenders with 15 or more previous cautions or convictions. Likewise, only slight changes have been seen since 2015 regarding female representation in CPS staff (65% in 2015; 66% in 2019). The defendant can be directed to appear in court or remanded on bail or custody. Figure 3.03: Number of homicide offences currently recorded by the police, by sex of victim, 2008/09 to 2018/19. Figure 7.09: Proportion of young offenders who finished Key Stage 4 in either 2013/14 or 2014/15 who receiving Free School Meals, by gender and disposal category (Source: Table 7.2), Special Educational Needs (SEN)[footnote 104]. , Source: GCSE and equivalent results: 2013 to 2014 (revised) National tables: Table 3a: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils at the end of key stage 4 by type of school and gender. However, these data have been extracted from large administrative and survey data systems generated by the courts, police forces and other agencies. Between 2015 and 2019, female children saw the largest decline, a decrease of 35% in prosecutions, compared to a 29% decrease for male children that were prosecuted over the same period. , This is not including the 96 victims of the Hillsborough disaster in 2016/17, where 89 were male and 7, female. Between 2015 and 2019 the median time from offence to charge increased for both females and males to varying degrees, up 10% and 33% respectively. Youth custody report for September 2016 published. In 2019/20, 3.9% of male adults reported being the victim once or more of a CSEW personal crime (excluding fraud and computer misuse; down from 4.5%). At 53%, oral fast delivery PSRs[footnote 53] were more common, especially for females (females 60%, males 52%), while standard PSRs[footnote 54], which are given for more serious offences, were much less common and were given proportionally more often to male offenders (4%) compared with female offenders (1%). Data mentioned can be found on the page linked. Since 2015, the ACSL for indictable offences has risen for both male and female offenders from all ethnic groups[footnote 76]. In 2019, the number of individuals who self-harmed per 1,000 prisoners was 335 for females and 148 for males[footnote 67]. Males were serving longer custodial sentence lengths. 18% of single mothers have a college degree or higher 27% of single fathers are between the ages of 15 & 29 29% of single fathers are African American 28% of single mothers are African American 36% of single fathers live at or below the poverty line 43% of single mothers live at or below the poverty line You can change your cookie settings at any time. It draws upon published extracts of human resources records for the police (2019/20), Ministry of Justice (MoJ; 2018/19), Crown Prosecution Service (CPS; 2018/19), Her Majestys Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS; 2019/20), magistracy[footnote 119] and judiciary[footnote 120]. Reference will usually be made to children by which we refer to individuals aged 10 to 17 years of age[footnote 80][footnote 81]. Youth custody statistics for October 2013 published. In 2019, the number of individuals who self-harmed per 1,000 prisoners was 335 for females and 148 for males. The proportion of all young offenders in the matched cohort that achieved 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to C, including English and Maths, was slightly higher for the young female group, at 12%, compared to 10% for young males.